charge card la gi

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A charge card is a type of credit thẻ that enables the cardholder đồ sộ make purchases which are paid for by the thẻ issuer, đồ sộ whom the cardholder becomes indebted. The cardholder is obligated đồ sộ repay the debt đồ sộ the thẻ issuer in full by the due date, usually on a monthly basis, or be subject đồ sộ late fees and restrictions on further thẻ use. Charge cards are distinct from credit cards in that credit cards are revolving credit instruments that tự not need đồ sộ be paid in full every month and a balance may be carried over, on which interest is paid. Charge cards are typically issued without spending limits, whereas credit cards usually have a specified credit limit that the cardholder may not exceed. Most charge cards are held by businesses, corporations or executives thereof, and are issued đồ sộ customers with a good or excellent credit score.

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History[edit]

In 1914, Western Union opened the first charge tài khoản for its customers and provided them with a paper identification.[1][2] There were many larger department stores which opened store charge accounts for their customers with paper identification, enabling the customer đồ sộ make purchases on credit provided by the store. However, these accounts could be used only within the store which issued them. In 1950, Diners Club began opening charge accounts with paper identification cards, directed at the travel and entertainment markets. The novel feature of these cards was that the charge thẻ could be used in a large number of stores. These stores had đồ sộ enter an agreement with Diners Club, and pay a fee đồ sộ the company. For the fee, Diners Club carried the cost of setting up accounts, authorizing each transaction, processing transactions and collections, bore the financing costs and assumed the risk of cardholders defaulting. The new system was especially appealing đồ sộ smaller stores in competition with the larger stores but who could not justify setting up their own charge tài khoản facilities. Eventually the larger stores began accepting these cards, testifying that the fees charged by the thẻ operator were lower phàn nàn the store's cost in running their own store accounts. In 1957, American Express also entered the field, and in 1959 was the first company đồ sộ issue embossed plastic charge cards đồ sộ ISO/IEC 7810 standards.

In Europe, the MasterCard-affiliated Maestro brand[3] (which is a debit thẻ rather phàn nàn a charge card) replaced the European Eurocheque brand for payment cards in 2002. Many Eurocheque cards, particularly in such countries as Austria and Germany, were charge cards branded with the Eurocheque logo. In addition, the European Eurocard, issued as the competitor for American Express was, and in some countries (such as the Nordic countries) still is, a charge thẻ.[citation needed] Therefore, the majority of MasterCards in these countries still are charge cards. Visa charge cards are also available in Europe.

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Operation[edit]

The user of the charge thẻ has đồ sộ pay their tài khoản balance at the kết thúc of each month and the charge thẻ company, unlike a credit thẻ, does not charge interest. A charge thẻ company's main source of revenue is the merchant fee, which is a percentage of the transaction value which typically ranges between 1 and 4%, plus an interchange or minimum fee.

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Many charge cards have the option for users đồ sộ pay for some purchases over time. American Express charge thẻ customers, for instance, can enroll in the Extended Payment Option (internally referred đồ sộ as ExPO) đồ sộ be able đồ sộ pay for purchases over $200 over time,[4] or in Sign & Travel đồ sộ be able đồ sộ pay for eligible travel-related expenses over time.[5]

Most charge cards also have a feature called No Preset Spending Limit (NPSL).[6] While consumers often take NPSL đồ sộ mean that their cards are without limits, NPSL really means that a card's limit changes, often from month-to-month, based on factors such as consumer charging and payment history as well overall economic trends. According đồ sộ a WalletHub.com NPSL study, the way NPSL charge cards are reported đồ sộ the major credit bureaus varies by issuer and can lead đồ sộ artificial increases in credit utilization, thereby lowering one's FICO Score.[7]

Governments and large businesses often use charge cards đồ sộ pay for and keep track of expenses related đồ sộ official business;[8] these are often referred đồ sộ as purchasing cards. Many retailers and banks issue charge cards đồ sộ customers. Some American Express and Diners Club cards are charge cards, rather phàn nàn credit or debit cards such as VISA and MasterCard. The Coutts Silk Charge Card, and the Centurion Card are famous charge cards.

See also[edit]

  • Card (disambiguation)
  • Credit card
  • Debit card
  • Payment card

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Charge card: What it means", encyclopedia.com
  2. ^ J. Lauer (January 2020), "Plastic surveillance: Payment cards", SAGE Publishing, 7 (1), doi:10.1177/2053951720907632, S2CID 216424288
  3. ^ "Maestro Cards: What they are, pros & cons". October 30, 2019.
  4. ^ American Express Extended Payment Option Archived December 6, 2003, at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ American Express Sign & Travel
  6. ^ Ron Lieber (May 22, 2010). "How the Finance Bill Affects Consumers". The Thủ đô New York Times. Retrieved August 15, 2022.
  7. ^ "No Pre-Set Spending Limit Credit Card Study – 2010". CardHub.com. Archived from the original on June 1, 2011. Retrieved June 23, 2011.
  8. ^ Damon Darlin (March 4, 2006). "Tax Bills and Plastic Don't Mix". The Thủ đô New York Times.